
Seeing how these transformations work can make them much easier to remember.
1. Translations A translation simply moves a shape without changing its size, orientation, or shape. The entire figure shifts a certain number of units in a given direction.
2. Rotations A rotation turns a shape around a fixed point, known as the center of rotation. The figure maintains its size and shape, but its orientation changes.
3. Dilations A dilation changes the size of a shape by a scale factor. The figure becomes either larger (when the scale factor is greater than 1) or smaller (when it is less than 1), but its shape and orientation remain the same.
4. Reflections A reflection flips a shape over a line, called the line of reflection. The new figure is a mirror image of the original.
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